Postmodernism can help in our understanding of 'popular' film Essay

Postmodernism can help in our understanding of 'popular' film - Essay Example He went ahead to describe that this ideology of survival of humans was linked to as capitalism. Marxism described capitalism as a notion where there existed labour division among people and class separation was existence in the manner that where was a significant difference in power and wealth. As a result, Marxism theory was based on capitalism and he linked this aspect to explain how the society works in a cyclic manner. According to Birchall (2008) when Karl Marx theory of capitalism was related to art, capitalism sought to create a value of any object in terms of money, so art was no exception. With that, art was also reduced to consequent value such that, even if the piece of art was regarded as high art, according to the capitalist theory by Karl Marx , the art definitely had a price value that was attached to it. According to Freeland (2001) Sigmund Freud spoke about art as a way to express â€Å"unconscious feelings† that the artist may even lack (p. 157). He explained that, â€Å"[The artist] is urged on by instinctual needs...; he longs to attain honour, power, riches, fame and the love of women; but he lacks the means of achieving these gratifications. So like any other with an unsatisfied longing, he turns away from reality and transfers all his interest, and all his libido, on to the creation of his wishes in the life of fantasy, from which the way might readily lead to neurosis† (p. 157). This can be elaborated to mean that Sigmund viewed art as a matter that was related to an urge to produce art and get wealthy and famous but not as a means to express to the society. Discuss how Postmodernism can help in our understanding of 'popular' film Postmodernism in the film â€Å"The Matrix Trilogy† Baudrillard Jean was a philosopher who came up with theories related to postmodernism in art and the impact that this art had. Some of his works revealed aspects such as "Simulacra and Simulations". According to Baudrillard (1994), "the  simulacrum  is never that which conceals the truth--it is the truth which conceals that there is none. The simulacrum is true† (p. 1). He talked about the presence and use of simulation and simulacra in art such that it would relate to reality. He described it as the â€Å"generation by models of a real without origin or reality: a hyper real†. He went ahead to describe that a lot of models have been created and simulated in a manner that would look real without doubt whereas â€Å"the real is produced from miniaturized cells, matrices, and memory banks, models of control-and it can be reproduced an in finite number of times from these† (p.2). When Baudrillard Jean stated this, he meant that simulation could be produced from aspects such as matrices and the output could also be manipulated and repeated over and over again until the abstraction of the real object has been produced by the simulation vector. As a result, no clear distinction could be made between the real object or image and the false one as they both appeared inspiringly similar. When this methodology of "Simulacra and Simulations" was translated to the film, â€Å"The Matrix†

The Lottery Essay Example for Free

The Lottery Essay Have you ever imagined being killed for winning a lottery? In â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson, the author does an outstanding job describing the main character, the plot, and the theme. The character Tessie Hutchinson in this story makes the reader feel as if he or she is a part of the plot. Additionally, the plot of this story is very surprising and unexpected. Jackson does a really great job writing the story, and in the end it is very easy to think about a theme. Certainly, â€Å"The Lottery† is a perfect example of a story combining an interesting plot, good characterization, and a clear theme. Tessie Hutchinson starts out being a regular citizen of the village and ends up being the main character; ultimately, she is killed. First, she is described as: â€Å"an old house woman.† This tells the reader that she probably works all day and is very tired. Next, she nearly forgets about the lottery and she arrives late. This tells us that she is exhausted and doesn’t really care about the lottery. In the end, she â€Å"wins† the lottery as Mr. Summers announces: â€Å"It’s Tessie!† Winning the lottery means being killed, and this is exactly what happens to Tessie. The subtle increasing of the level of importance of Tessie throughout the story made it more interesting to read. The plot of this story was surprising and unexpected at the same time. In the beginning, the scene is described as: â€Å"Clear and sunny, with the fresh warmth of a full-summer day.† Ironically, this makes the reader think this is going to be a positive story. Later, we shockingly find out that: â€Å"Someone’s life is going to be over.† This clearly tells us that someone is going to die in this story. Finally, in the end Tessie screams: â€Å"It’s not fair, it isn’t right!† Lastly, the story ends and we then know that Tessie has been killed. These three significant changes that transpire during the plot make it a more compelling story. The theme of this story is to never relax until you are completely safe. A good example is Tessie. For her, it starts out being: â€Å"a normal summer morning.† Then, throughout the story her predicament completely changes. Later on, she nearly forgets about the lottery and she arrives late. Her husband asks: â€Å"Why were you late?† and she simply says that she had forgot. Lastly, she finds out that she is the winner of the lottery as Mr. Summers says: â€Å"It’s Tessie.† This means that she is the one that is going to be killed out of all the citizens of the village. After reading this story, there is one more thing to learn. This is the theme, life lesson, or moral that has just been outlined. In this story, Shirley Jackson does an outstanding job of having an interesting plot, using characterization, and including a clear theme. I really enjoyed reading this story because it was different from most stories I have read before. I like this type of story because the surprise in the end is not expected and you don’t understand it until you finish reading the whole story. This is a fine example of experiencing a result that you definitely didn’t expect. So now, be careful the next time you take part in a lottery!

The Impact of The Media Throughout History Essay -- The Media

Media has a huge impact on the shaping of the world. For centuries, in all parts of the world, media has been the main source of transporting news and great use for public out cries. Media has helped shaped the modern world since the 1400’s until today. The media comes in many different sources from books, to radio, to television. I will focus on the effectiveness the media has on the world throughout history in religious, political and social context. The first printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in 1436. Johannes Gutenberg was a goldsmith and businessman from a small town Mainz in southern Germany. This printing press had adjustable wooden or metal letters and was called the Gutenberg press. It wasn’t completely finished until 1440. This press helped the production of books but it also helped with communication with the sciences, arts and religion departments through text. The Gutenberg Bible was the first book to be printed from this printing press in 1452. In 1517, Western Europe there was controversies in religion between Catholics and the Protestants. Martin Luther was a Christian theologian and Augustinian monk who inspired the Protestant Reformation with his teaching. He had intolerance for the Roman Catholic Church’s corruption of Halloween during this period. He used the printing press to create the 95 Theses of Contention to the Wittenberg Church. He believed in finding peace with God and prayer for others souls. The 95 Theses of Contention challenged the views of religion within the Roman Catholic Church. It mentions the nature of the Catholic’s amends for wrong, it questioned the authority of the pope and the convenience of gratification. He eliminated some practices of the Catholic Church by onl... ...re. Act of Uniformity 1559. 8 May 2010. 3 May 2012 . Kipling, Rudyard. The White Man's Burden. England, 1899. Locke, John. The Second Treatise of Government. Macmillan Publishing Company, 1952. Paine, Thomas. "Common Sense." Kramnick, Isaac. Penguin Books. England, 1774. 71-100. Williams, Ernest E. "Global Competition." Henemann, William. Made in Germany. London, 1896. 1-18. http://www.greatsite.com/timeline-english-bible-history/martin-luther.html http://inventors.about.com/od/gstartinventors/a/Gutenberg.htm http://www.whplibrary.org/newandnoteworthy/2011/02/first_magazine_published_in_am.html http://massmoments.org/moment.cfm?mid=278 http://merriam-webster.com/info/noah.htm http://inventors.about.com/od/rstartinventions/a/radio.htm http://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/Television.htm

To Kill A Mocking Bird :: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, The Twelve Angry men by Reginald Rose and The Scottsboro Trial are all about unfair trials containing discrimination towards different people and people being prejudice .The peoples action towards the defendants affected them for the rest of their life. Many of the people that came into the court brought in their own social problems and that influenced the verdict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To Kill The Mockingbird was about a black guy named Tom Robinson who was accused of raping a young women by the name of Mayella Ewell. In the court, significant evidence was presented to the juror's that would prove that Tom Robinson was innocent. The evidence showed that a left handed male must have beat Mayella because the bruises were on the right side of her and Tom Robinsons left arm was disabled. Robinson could not have beat Ms. Ewell. Tom Robinson was still convicted and later on was shot at a prison fence while he was trying to run away. The juror's discriminated Mr. Robinson and was prejudice towards him because all though evidence was presented to them that would prove Tom innocent they ignored it because the guy was black and in the 30's discriminating blacks were heavily favored. The Twelve Angry Men was about a boy who was accused of stabbing his father to death in a argument. In the beginning of the trial all twelve of the juror's voted guilty. Many of the juror's were mean and did not care about the boy's future they just wanted to get the trial over with so the juror's can do what they wanted to do. Later in the case one of the juror's realized they were messing with a boys life and his future was all up to them. So a juror realized that some of the information that a witness brought up had to be false. So they analyzed the information and came to the conclusion that the boy could not have stabbed his father the way he did because one of the juror's had seen many knife fight's in his backyard and you can not stab someone downward with a switchblade. Also another witness said that the knife that the kid had could be bought anywhere. The juror's discriminated the boy because he lived in the slums , he has a criminal record and he was always fighting with hi s dad so they just assumed he was the one that killed his dad.

Cultural Feminism Essay

Feminism is a movement that is constituted of social, political and cultural perspective. Feminism per se has several forms in various disciplines that changed the facade of women in the western hemisphere, and the entire planet. Feminism roots to the oppression of women in different aspects of humanity. Basically the Feminist cause fights for equality of genders. Feminism Activists began to concern themselves in resolving social and domestic issues and throughout history, as society provided women with opportunities, it it broadened its scope and now tackles a variety of issues which includes gender matters , thus, Cultural Feminism was coined . Rationale Cultural Feminism, sometimes noted as Differential Feminism, is an orientation in Feminist Discipline whose aim is to address on women’s issues that were swept under the rug. This form of Feminism praises the positive qualities which a woman possess. The term Cultural Feminism tackles on the general and specific distinctions between man and woman, the theory also covers differences in the biological view (Balbert, 1989). Cultural Feminism’s intentions is to associate the application of women’s point of view in a world of male supremacy, which would likely lessen brutality in every sense. The core theoretics of Cultural Feminism is attributed to gendered Essentialism. Cultural Feminists tend to apply a non-progressive and Victorian approach, this disturbing take on issues urge the development between genders through the implications of a woman’s nature, tying up to the belief that the women’s methods are more efficient (Moore, 1952). In addition, Cultural Feminism claims that the world is obese of brute male power and needs diet via injection female perspectives. Cultural Feminism 2 Origin Cultural Feminism Jane Addams and Charlotte Perkins Gilman were credited as two of the earliest theorists in the dimensions of cultural Feminism. The two women are prominent to have Cultural Feminism in their literary works. These women suggested that state governance, cooperation, compassion and non-violence as a means to settle social disputes. They also insisted that women’s virtues were the beacon of hope in a divided society. Jane Addams, in her article â€Å"Cultural Feminism†, often utilized women as a source of her ideas and subject of her analysis. She altered the foundations of values and other moral principles of society in attempt to increase the diversity of womanly activities. Driven by the goal to generalize her approach, Addams examined prostitutes, market vendors, corporate women and the principles of non-violence. On the other hand, Charlotte Perkins Gilman voiced out her Cultural Feminist intentions in her book Herland. Gilman’s book contains fictitious approach to Cultural Feminism. The book expresses her ambition of a society of strong women under the guidance of pacifism and cooperation(Ritzer, 2006). Journalist, Critic and activist Margaret Fuller is also a major contributor of Cultural Feminism. Her article Woman in the 19th Century pioneered the Cultural Feminist Movement. Fuller contended that women should be independent and that inequalities in gender are uncalled for in societies of her time. Woman stressed the emotional, spontaneous side of knowledge and insinuated a person to person perspective on the aspects of life and the world which is in contrast with the progressive sense of men during that time. Cultural Feminism 3 Modern Cultural Feminism Modern Cultural Feminists believe that the conventional nature of a woman is concrete among humans and their views of the world in general. A nature that is capable of making changes if not amendments to demoralizing male orientation that consume the whole world. These women explain that the sexist matters of modern society lies in the manner of how men view women. On that statement, the term men is defined as a group of males, and the whole statement claims that how women are perceived by men who have varying opinion on women, which also incorporates fear and anguish towards women. The innovation of passive methods for conflict resolutions is still an on-going trend. Contemporary Cultural Feminists raise the argument on caring and attention become catalysts of woman’s consciousness and how it is based as a standard of ethical judgment. Modern conformists of Cultural Feminism also indict the idea of a woman’s grounds for various achievement motivation patterns, communication forms, the reception capacity to emotional concerns, sexuality and intimacy, less aggressive approaches and their principles of peaceful co-existence. All aspects are given convulsive approaches by their male counterparts. Modern Cultural Feminism is also concerned on the undying result of male dominance. Because of the masculine rule, the characteristics of woman and their femininity have been tinged and depreciated. According to them, the only effective way to correct this problem is the conveying a definition of the essence of a woman in a more legitimate, feminist way (Alcoff, 1988). This new definition that modern Cultural Feminism Conformists imply is a re-incarnation of a woman’s peacefulness through non-violence, their emotional nature as their means to foster, ability to assert herself well through subjectiveness. Furthermore, they contend that they did not re-invent the meaning of a woman and her essence, they are just teaching men the non-biased definition. Cultural Feminism 4 Cultural Criticism Modern Cultural Feminists are patiently making advancements in a gradual manner because of their knowledge that a huge metamorphosis on cultural inclination does not happen overnight. These modern conformist of the female advocation deny the claims that the difference between man and woman are merely biological. However, groups that adhere to men’s rights address Cultural Feminism as a propaganda and a political advocacy. These men’s rights’ sects claim that the woman’s way is as competent as a man’s. The male detractors state that the basis of Cultural Feminism is placed on an essentialist view of differences between genders and promotes independence and institutionalizing The masculine group adds that these Cultural Feminists’ fighting spirit have deteriorated since their political agenda is now a lifestyle. Other critics even integrate that Cultural Feminism is nothing than a twisted form of Radical Feminism(Autumn, 1993). There are certain social, cultural or historical events that surrounds Cultural Feminism, these essential differences between men and women are generated through the years. One great example is when dealing culturally about the views on women in the society. At some pint, gender issues are touched because at certain circumstances,Ridicule from older boys causes boys around the age of five to stop using woman talk and adopt a masculine language. While girls stick to the old language and are discourage from using masculine language. Because if we refuse to do such thing and does not want to speak and ladylike, we are ridiculed to the extent. Therefore the over all effect of woman’s talk is to submerge a woman’s personal identity and her ideas and to deny her access to positions of power. In some culture, understanding the communication between men and women is complicated. Crossing cultures in addition to communicating gender lines makes understanding each other correctly even more difficult, Hence making socialization more difficult. Some historical Cultural Feminism 5 events makes cultural feminism a hot topic because at some point women is set really different from men when it comes to leadership. Female species are always doubted in terms of leadership and hard work. Sexism and gender issues is really rampant throughout the history of the acculturation process of feminism. Talking about businesses and personal relationships, problem occurs when a woman grows old and still inclined socially with other people. Because here there’s a different phase talking about the manner of speaking. If they refuse to talk like ladies, they are ridiculed for being masculine, but they are also ridiculed when they use feminine language because they are seen as unable to speak forcefully. Male dominance in the society is there since childhood by using strong expressions while women have had to adapt depending on the environment whether it’s for business or personal. Women have little or no power in our society and that their language reflects their status in the society. The counterargument claims that women are group oriented and supportive of others. Their language reflects the values and attitudes of their culture and therefore is powerful and cooperative. The issue is not whether the language forms themselves are good or bad but whether we attach good or bad social values to them Historically speaking, unmasked assumptions that a history is determined by great wars and great men whereas feminists have demonstrated the extent to which male bias has determined the normative assumptions of the social, natural and behavioral sciences. In the arts, literary and artistic canons are no loner restricted to the work of men which allows females to excel and develop culturally. Cultural Feminism 6 Cultural Feminism Feminism’s relation to political liberation has always been an element of its self understanding, feminism through the years has been increasingly exposed as beholden to a pernicious set of assumptions about class,race, sexuality, ethnicity and nationality. Whatever its fragmentation, within those arenas where it has a relatively secure footing, feminism can be credited with effecting profound changes in the ideological construction of womanhood, not only in the US and Europe, but more globally. The issue of women’s autonomy in relation to reproduction and to work, and the issue of women’s health more generally, have found themselves on the global political and cultural stage. Feminism continues in its struggle to establish itself as the ground for women’s political, economic, and cultural ascendancy in the face of its own internal debates about the significance of differences among women. References Balbert, P. (1989). Lawrence and the Phallic Imagination. Hong Kong: The Macmillan P. Humm, M. (1990). The Dictionary of Feminist Theory. Great Britain: Ohio State UP. Ritzer, G. (2007). Contemporary Sociological Theory and Its Classical Roots. McGraw-Hill: New York Wilson, E. (1977)Margaret Fuller: Bluestocking, romantic, revolutionary. Farrah, Strauss and Giroux: New York

Writing About The Cost Of Surveillance Intervention For TB In India ((

Writing About The Cost Of Surveillance Intervention For TB In India (( Writing About The Cost Of Surveillance Intervention For TB In India (( See The Instructions To Fully – Coursework Example Cost of Surveillance Intervention for TB in India ​How Mr. Zuckerberg and His Advisory Panel Can Utilize the $25m Budget The materials used in the surveillance will include sampling devices that identify super spreaders who spit out live TB bacteria. The devices will cost $3M. The materials used for surveillance will include the sampling devices and ordinary surveillance systems, such as case reporting in hospitals. Second, training and educating the stakeholders about the subject matter is a prerequisite to addressing the problem of tuberculosis effectively. In this budget component, each person will be allocate $3,000 that will cater for accommodation, stipend, travel cost, training materials, and food. The protection of healthcare providers is also important; therefore, the cost of ear loop facemasks and those installed with satellite tracking will be a requirement. Simple disposable facemasks costs $5-10 for a pack of 50, however, the facemask with a satellite system and c ough samplers is not available commercially, as it is being used in ongoing studies; therefore, the cost per mask is unknown (Voice of America, 2014). Reporting of cases on the field will be through mailing services, telephone, and the Internet. This budget component for communication will cost $10,000 to cover any overloads that may occur. In addition, writing materials will cost $3 each and over 500 units will be required.The main screening technique used is the sputum-smear, which should be offered as a health drive. Consequently, a conventional TB test normally costs around $60 per person. In addition, using first line drugs in chemotherapy will be required. For requirement, the budget will cater for the cost of treating TB, which averages $30,000 (MDR TB) and $10, 845 for normal TB per person (Rajbhandary, Marks, & Bock, 2004, p. 1012). The cost includes the price of drugs, monitoring and hospitalization cost. ReferenceRajbhandary, S. S., Marks, S. M., & Bock, N. N. (2004). Cos ts of patients hospitalized for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 8(8), 1012-6.Voice of America. (2014). New tools to fight tuberculosis, but drug resistance looms. Retrieved: from http://allafrica.com/view/resource/main/main/id/00081101.html

Writing Business Email Conclusions

Writing Business Email Conclusions "I am the world's worst salesman. Therefore, I must make it easy for people to buy." - F.W. Woolworth In continuation of last month's issue addressing current economic challenges, let's look business writing techniques which promote business. One of the most overlooked opportunities is the conclusion. We want to leverage them - always.Too often, business writers use a boiler-plate phrase to conclude a letter, memo or email. For example, "Should you have any questions, please feel free to contact me." Blah, blah, blah. Of course, every business reader knows they can contact you with a question! There is no value added by this statement, it adds meaningless length, and worse, it does not drive the reader to action.To increase business, put meaning into a conclusion. Write directlyto your reader, and guide them specifically to the action you want.Let's examine conclusions that would drive business for an insurance company, a CPA firm, a package shipping company and a property management firm, as examples: If you work in sales for a freight transfer company, and are responding to a fare inquiry: The fare to ship a 3 pound box from Atlanta to Duluth, with guaranteed overnight delivery, is $23. You can schedule pick up at your office on this website (provide link) or drop your package off at (provide address). If you are a claims manager for an insurance company, and are responding to a coverage addition inquiry: The premium to add flood insurance to your homeowner's policy is $100. To enact this very important insurance, sign the enclosed policy amendment where I have highlighted in yellow, and date the document. Mail this form to our office at (state address). If you are a CPA firm, arranging a client meeting in preparation for an IRS audit: We will meet three weeks ahead of your scheduled audit date, on November 19, 2008 at 2:00 pm in our conference room. Please be certain to bring your tax returns, with all schedules, for tax years 2005, 2006 and 2007 to this meeting. If you are a Property Management Company, confirming contractor work: Please see Susan Archady in the main office at 246 Downington Lane when you arrive. She is expecting you and has a key to all units. Susan will arrive at work by 8:00am. Conclusions are a powerful opportunity to drive business, and so often are overlooked as a business opportunity. Your readers are buried in information, so make certain you have included in your conclusion all of the action-eliciting information your reader needs to act. This is typically just an extra sentence or phrase, but it should enable your reader to move decisively to your business objective. Master All Business Writing Skills in This Course: Effective Business Writing Techniques